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Zinc coatings to combat corrosion in a wide range of structural steelwork and general metalwork are specified in the Greater London Council's (G.L.C.) Preambles to Bills of Quantities. Typical applications are on dustbins, children's playground equipment, structural sections and building components. Hot dip galvanising is generally preferred for protecting structural steel and ferrous metalwork in aggressive conditions or inaccessible places. The galvanised metal must comply with BS 729: 1971; after fabrication it is coated in one operation by complete immersion in the zinc bath and all excess is removed. The finished surface should be clean and uniform. Zinc coatings to BS 2989: 1982 are used for interior applications where it is normally dry. Zinc spray to BS 2569: Part 1: 1964 is specified where the size of members prohibits hot dip galvanising. Zinc coatings may be covered with paint or plastic coatings to provide additional protection and improve appearance. Designers are advised to consult BS 5493: 1977 or DD 24: 1973 for guidance on how to specify protective systems.

THE following list of contracts placed by the Air Ministry during September is extracted from the October issue of The Ministry of Labour Gazette:

Introduction Stainless steels provide a durable and attractive appearance for a wide variety of architectural metalwork, including metal roofing, cladding, curtain walling, doors and entrances, door furniture, shopfronts, staircases, nameplates and signs, windows and window fittings, sculpture, sanitation and water services. They have good mechanical properties which are improved by cold working, and can be formed and joined using conventional techniques. Type 316 (18/10/3) austenitic stainless steel is recommended for external exposure and Type 304 (18/10) austenitic stainless steel or Type 430, (17% chromium) terrific stainless steel, for internal use.

This paper describes a full scale fire test performed the 27^th of February 2010 on a composite floor for analysing the possibility of tensile membrane action to develop when the unprotected steel beams in the central part of the floor are made of cellular beams. The natural fire was created by a wood crib fire load of 700 MJ/m² and the 9 × 15 m floor survived the fire that peaked at 1000°C and lasted for 90 minutes. Blind predictions of the air temperature development by the software OZone and of the structural behaviour by the software SAFIR which proved quite satisfactory are also described.

THE following list of contracts placed by the Air Ministry during October is extracted from the November issue of The Ministry of Labour Gazette:

A questionnaire‐based survey was conducted to establish the current market requirements for lamb and those likely in the future. Two questionnaires were produced and sent to the largest lamb abattoirs and retailers in the UK. Current markets generally require a carcass of weight 16‐21kg, conformation E‐R and fat score 2 or 3L. The forecast for future requirements was not clear, but some respondents expressed a desire to narrow the specification ranges given and also to increasingly use carcasses heavier than 21kg to supply bone‐less lamb. A two market scenario, one for medium sized lambs to supply bone‐in cuts and the other for heavier, lean carcasses to supply the boneless lamb, may develop in the long term. The results of this study form a useful basis on which to decide on suitable objectives for genetic improvement programs for sheep breeds, which can be used to help lamb producers meet the requirements of current and likely future markets.

THE following list of contracts placed by the Air Ministry during February is extracted from the March issue of The Ministry of Labour Gazette:—

In general small companies have not taken advantage of the potential of integrated physical distribution management to reduce costs, improve customer service and increase profits. This is because the most publicised corporate distribution studies have used, as the tool for analysis, large computer simulation models. This paper reviews the distribution operation of Castrol (Australia) Pty. Ltd. a relatively small company involved in the blending and distribution of oil products. All analyses discussed were carried out on a pocket calculator. The procedures described provide a framework for other small companies to follow when evaluating their distribution operations.

Many service-oriented software engineering (SOSE) methods from industry and academia claim their compliance with SOA and SO, but there is a lack of framework to assess the existing methods or to provide new ones. First, the paper questions: (Q1) to what extent an approach would consider the three aspect: service, composition, and management to deliver software solutions that are conformed to SO and SOA principles; (Q2) to what extent an approach would consider the aggregates of a method, including representation techniques, assisting tools, and inspection techniques to assess the delivered solution (service and composition), in addition to the process; and (Q3) to what extent an approach would consider the alignment of business and IT through the application of model-driven development by using standards such as model-driven architecture. Then, the paper compares four generic approaches: top-down, bottom-up, green-field, and meet-in-the-middle, within a framework, to highlight their strengths and weaknesses. Finally, the paper aims to propose a business-oriented approach that focuses on the value a business can add to its customers, whereby the value must be specified in a contract to be largely re-used.

This work develops a framework as an abstract model for SOSE generic methods. Then, it uses the framework as an analytical study to compare the generic methods and come up with research issues and a new method for SOSE.

A set of guidelines that a SOSE method develops should consider when selecting or developing a new method.

Comparison of existing SOSE methods within the findings of the proposed framework. The paper has theoretical implications as the open issues provide a research roadmap towards the realization of SOA in accordance with a maturity model.

This has practical implications as it: provides a better understanding of the approaches, as they are ambiguously used by the existing methods; and assists developers in deciding an approach having the necessary knowledge related to its process, strengths and weaknesses.

None of the existing comparison framework has raised the level of abstraction up to generic methods such as top-down, green-filed, meet-in-the-middle and bottom-up.

The specific aim of this paper is to explore the multi‐disciplinary academic antecedents of KM in order to better understand KM. By doing so, it is suggested that KM can be more effectively applied in real‐world situations, such as professional occupations.

The approach is conceptual: five core antecedents of KM – philosophy, sociology, psychology, computing and information systems, and management – are explored and associated with the criminal investigation process.

KM antecedents can be applied to the professional discipline of criminal investigation to create a conceptual model of knowledge management for the criminal investigative process. The model offers guidance on ways in which KM can be understood in terms of the criminal investigative process.

KM has been considered a somewhat nebulous subject, so there is value in exploring its multidisciplinary roots to gain a better understanding of it and how it can be more effectively applied in specific organizational or practitioner contexts.

By mapping the KM antecedents to the criminal investigation process a conceptual model has been developed, which it is believed could prove useful in helping police organizations, as well as academics studying the criminal justice system, to better understand the discipline of KM in the context of law enforcement‐related work.

While KM antecedents have been identified, the paper is one of the first to explicitly show how they can be used to link KM to real world situations – in this case the criminal investigative process.